Deep tech refers to technological innovations that are based on substantial scientific or engineering advances and have the potential to create significant impacts on industries and society. Unlike consumer tech, which focuses on products for everyday use, deep tech usually involves cutting-edge research and development in fields like artificial intelligence, quantum computing, advanced materials, biotechnology, and space technology.

Some key characteristics of deep tech include:

1. Scientific Foundation: It is often grounded in breakthroughs in fundamental science or engineering.
2. High Complexity: It involves sophisticated technologies that are complex to develop and deploy.
3. Long Development Time: The R&D phase can be lengthy, requiring significant investment and resources.
4. High Impact: When successful, deep tech innovations can transform industries, create new markets, and address major global challenges.

Examples of deep tech include quantum computers, which leverage principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations far beyond the capabilities of classical computers, or CRISPR gene editing technology, which enables precise modifications to DNA and has vast implications for medicine and agriculture.